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IIT-Madras and Harvard University have collaborated to develop an innovative machine learning algorithm called 'CombSGPO' (Combined Security Game Policy Optimization), aimed at combatting wildlife poaching. Led by Professor BalaramanRavindran from IIT Madras and Professor MilindTambe's Research Group at Harvard University, the team focused on protecting wildlife from poachers in India and globally.
The algorithm, described in their peer-reviewed paper titled 'Reinforcement Learning for Unified Allocation and Patrolling in Signaling Games with Uncertainty,' leverages knowledge of animal density and assumptions about the poachers' awareness, such as their knowledge of initial patrolling allocations. By considering the combined and coordinated use of forest rangers and drones, the algorithm provides efficient strategies to safeguard wildlife within the limitations of available resources.
Professor BalaramanRavindran emphasized the motivation behind the research, citing the need for strategic resource allocation and patrolling in green security domains to prevent illegal activities like wildlife poaching, illegal logging, and illegal fishing. The resources considered in the algorithm are human patrollers (forest rangers) and surveillance drones equipped with object detectors to identify animals and poachers, enabling strategic signaling and communication between the agents.
The algorithm utilizes a game theory-based model, which predicts potential areas of poaching based on previous incidents and the interactions between poachers and defenders. It assists forest guards in preventing poaching by simulating a 'poaching game' between the defenders (forest rangers and drones) and attackers (poachers). The researchers tested the algorithm in a computer simulation, incorporating a behavioral model for the poachers, who would move toward areas with a high probability of finding animals while avoiding the defender agents.
While the algorithm has not yet been deployed in India, the researchers are working to enhance its efficiency and aim to see it utilized in real-world scenarios to combat poaching. The algorithm's impact lies in empowering forest rangers, who often face the challenge of patrolling vast forested areas with limited resources. By combining drones and rangers, the algorithm optimizes resource allocation, patrolling, and communication, leading to more effective strategies against poaching.
The team also plans to extend their research to other domains, such as security, search and rescue operations, and aerial mapping for agriculture. They are exploring sample-efficient multi-agent reinforcement learning techniques to reduce the amount of data required for learning, considering the cost of data collection in real-world scenarios.
Wildlife poaching is a significant threat to species survival, ranking second only to habitat destruction according to the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). While various organizations and regulatory authorities strive to combat poaching, poachers have managed to stay a step ahead of patrollers. The development of this algorithm offers a potential solution to address this ongoing challenge.
Chambal, a place where nature's wildest treasures thrive, presents a breathtaking spectacle along the pristine banks of the Chambal River. As the sun rises, its gentle rays illuminate the river's surface, while a symphony of birdsong fills the air. Nestled within the Uttar Pradesh segment of the National Chambal Sanctuary, which also extends through Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, this region offers a haven for birdlife and endangered species alike.
Established in 1979, the National Chambal Sanctuary spans a remarkable 435 kilometers along the Chambal River, making it India's first riverine sanctuary. Its designation as a biodiversity hotspot has played a crucial role in safeguarding its unique ecosystem, providing a refuge for several endangered species. Notably, the sanctuary has been instrumental in the revival of the gharial, a critically endangered species, through government-run captive breeding centers.
Embarking on a journey down this pristine river reveals its exceptional beauty. Often hailed as one of India's cleanest rivers, the Chambal boasts a significant breeding population of the endangered Indian skimmer. These graceful birds, adorned with a haiku of black, white, and orange, transform the sandbanks into a riot of color as they skim the water's surface in search of food. Birdwatching becomes a serene and meditative experience, allowing us to observe skimmers breeding and foraging with a sense of awe.
Gharials, with their long snouts and powerful tails, embody an aquatic prowess that sets them apart. Their ancestors diverged from crocodiles over sixty million years ago, and their hunting technique is a sight to behold. With lightning speed, their bony snouts strike, swiftly capturing the fish that form their primary diet.
Winter unveils a special charm as migratory birds descend upon the region, seeking respite from their native lands' harsh cold. Ruddy shelducks, great white pelicans, red shanks, warblers, and sandpipers grace these waters with their presence. The Chambal River is renowned as the last stronghold for the critically endangered red-crowned roof turtle, and fortunate observers may also catch glimpses of the endangered narrow-headed softshell turtle.
The locals residing in the villages surrounding our accommodation, MelaKothi - Chambal Safari Lodge in Jarar, have grown accustomed to the presence of nature enthusiasts who venture into their homes and fields in pursuit of unique birdlife. Led by a group of enthusiastic children, accompanied by their dogs and equally passionate adults, we explore their fields and catch a glimpse of the jacana, tropical waders with remarkably long toes that enable them to effortlessly traverse the floating vegetation.
A sarus crane conservation area lies approximately 30 kilometers from our lodging. This low-lying wetland, interspersed with cultivated fields, serves as a breeding ground for the largest congregation of cranes in India. To witness these magnificent birds, we set out at the break of dawn, traversing moist fields, negotiating the varying landscape, and even crossing occasional streams—all inconveniences embraced gladly. Towering at 1.5 meters tall, the sarus crane captivates with its dramatic courtship displays. With head thrown back and a resonating trumpet call, the male dances, bows to his mate, and spreads his wings. Representing conjugal fidelity, the sarus crane holds profound cultural significance in Asia, despite being classified as a vulnerable species.
The Chambal region is steeped in mythological lore and tales of banditry. Legend has it that the Chambal River originated from the blood of sacrificial cows offered by a ruler consumed by a quest for absolute power. This belief of unholy lands deterred industrial development and, coupled with the region's rugged ravines that once served as bandit hideouts until a couple of decades ago, provided a haven for abundant wildlife to flourish undisturbed. This backdrop has attracted passionate nature lovers seeking to witness the region's rich biodiversity.
Beyond its fauna, the Chambal region boasts cultural attractions that captivate visitors. A camel safari to Fort Ater, an architectural marvel blending Rajput and Islamic influences, promises breathtaking views of the surrounding ravines. The gleaming white Bateshwar temples, situated on the banks of the Yamuna River, offer a glimpse into the region's spiritual heritage.
Travelers often find themselves torn between exploring the heritage village of Holipura, where Mughal and colonial architecture blend seamlessly in the havelis, and Rapri, a place seemingly suspended in time, adorned with striking tombs and a mosque dating back to 1312.
While the Chambal region may evoke a grim fairytale with its mythical past and notorious bandits, it now faces new challenges in the form of environmental concerns such as overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution. A small museum by the river serves as a reminder of our responsibility to protect these precious wetland ecosystems. Concise instructions urge travelers not to fish or hunt in protected areas, to avoid disposing of garbage in the river, and to report any illegal activities to local forest officers.
Preserving these diverse aquatic and terrestrial habitats is crucial for their continued thriving existence. After a week spent here, vivid memories abound: the sight of Egyptian vultures in courtship, spoonbills bathing, marsh crocodiles basking in the sun, and smooth-coated otters meticulously grooming themselves. However, the most heartening image is that of the Ganges river dolphin, an endangered and nearly blind species. Its presence reassures us that the river's health remains intact.
Getting to the National Chambal Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh is a convenient and rewarding experience. Whether you opt for a day trip, just a short drive from the TajMahal, or embark on a 60-kilometer journey from Agra to the 13-room MelaKothi - Chambal Safari Lodge in Jarar, you will find ample opportunities for wildlife sightings and access to cultural attractions. The lodge, nestled within a 35-acre woodland plantation, offers comfortable accommodations, a restaurant, and resident naturalists who can arrange safaris and excursions. The lodge operates from 1 October to 30 April, intentionally closing during the rest of the year to allow the surroundings to regenerate. For the best sightings of migratory birds, plan your visit between November and mid-March.
Immerse yourself in the wonders of the Chambal River and its enchanting wildlife. Discover a land where myths blend with natural beauty, and where the preservation of precious ecosystems takes center stage. Experience the captivating allure of Chambal and create lasting memories in this remarkable corner of India.
In a recent development, local sources have reported that the national parks in the majestic state of Rajasthan will observe a temporary closure for safaris every Wednesday, starting from July 1, 2023. This decision aims to strike a balance between preserving the region's rich wildlife and promoting sustainable tourism practices.
Rajasthan, known for its diverse flora and fauna, is home to several renowned national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, including Ranthambore National Park, Sariska Tiger Reserve, Keoladeo National Park, and Desert National Park. These protected areas have been a significant attraction for wildlife enthusiasts, nature lovers, and tourists from around the globe.
The decision to close the national parks for safaris on Wednesdays has been made after careful consideration by the state authorities, in consultation with wildlife experts and local stakeholders. It reflects a growing awareness of the importance of responsible tourism and the need to ensure the well-being of the wildlife population and their natural habitats.
By designating Wednesdays as the weekly closure day for safaris, authorities aim to provide much-needed respite to the wildlife and the ecosystems that support them. This dedicated day of rest will allow the animals to roam freely without any disturbances, minimizing human impact and allowing for their uninterrupted natural behavior.
Tourists and visitors planning to explore the mesmerizing wildlife of Rajasthan are advised to take note of this important change in the operating schedule. It is recommended to plan their visits accordingly and consider alternate days for experiencing thrilling wildlife safaris in these national parks. Authorities are confident that this adjustment will not only benefit the wildlife but also enhance the overall visitor experience by reducing overcrowding and ensuring a more serene and harmonious encounter with nature.
The closure of safaris on Wednesdays will serve as an opportunity for tourists to explore other attractions and cultural wonders that Rajasthan has to offer. From its stunning palaces and forts to vibrant markets and traditional festivals, the state continues to captivate travelers with its rich heritage and warm hospitality.
The authorities further emphasize that the conservation of wildlife and their natural habitats remains a top priority for the state government. The temporary closure on Wednesdays is part of a broader conservation strategy aimed at striking a balance between sustainable tourism and wildlife protection. By implementing this measure, Rajasthan reaffirms its commitment to preserving its invaluable natural heritage for future generations to cherish and enjoy.
Please stay tuned for further updates on this matter as more information becomes available.
Raimona National Park, Assam's sixth national park, was officially announced on June 9, 2021. The park is located in the western part of the state, in the Kokrajhar district. It covers an area of 422 square kilometers and is home to a variety of wildlife, including elephants, tigers, leopards, and langurs.
The establishment of Raimona National Park is a significant step in the conservation of wildlife in Assam. The park will help to protect the region's unique biodiversity and provide a safe haven for endangered species. It will also boost ecotourism in the area, creating jobs and opportunities for local communities.
The announcement of Raimona National Park was welcomed by conservationists and wildlife enthusiasts alike. They praised the Assam government for its commitment to protecting the state's natural resources.
Raimona National Park is a valuable addition to India's network of protected areas. It is a testament to the government's commitment to conservation and a sign of hope for the future of wildlife in India.
Here are some additional facts about Raimona National Park:
- The park is named after the historical capital of Bijni estate, Raimona.
- It consists of contiguous forest patches covering an area of 422 sq. km.
- The park is home to a variety of wildlife, including elephants, tigers, leopards, and langurs.
- The establishment of the park is expected to help boost biodiversity conservation, transboundary wildlife management, and ecotourism.
The best time to visit Raimona National Park is from November to April. During these months, the weather is pleasant and dry, with average temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius.
We are thrilled to announce a significant milestone in the ongoing conservation efforts at Kuno National Park (KNP) in Madhya Pradesh, India. Three more cheetahs, two males named Agni and Vayu, and one female named Gamini, have been successfully released into the wild at KNP, bringing the total number of cheetahs released to six.
The recent additions to the cheetah population at Kuno National Park were originally brought from South Africa, and their release marks another step forward in the ambitious cheetah reintroduction program led by the Indian government.
Currently, there are a total of 11 translocated felines and four cubs remaining in the enclosures. Among them, three Namibian female cheetahs and one male cheetah are still undergoing acclimatization in the enclosures before their eventual release.
In the coming days, one of the female Namibian cheetahs will be released into the free-range area, while another female cheetah had given birth to cubs and will remain in the enclosures. Unfortunately, the third female cheetah is deemed unfit for release into the forest. Additionally, male Namibian cheetah Oban, who strayed out of the conservation area but was rescued, is also currently in an enclosure.
It is worth noting that the reintroduction program at KNP began with the arrival of eight Namibian cheetahs, including five females and three males, which were released into special enclosures by Prime Minister NarendraModi on September 17 last year. Subsequently, an additional 12 cheetahs, seven males, and five females, were brought from South Africa on February 18 this year, further boosting the population.
While we celebrate the successful release of the recent cheetahs, we are saddened by the loss of three cheetahs - Daksha, Sasha, and Uday - who passed away in the enclosures over the past two months. On a positive note, a cheetah named Siyaya gave birth to four cubs in March this year, highlighting the potential for natural breeding and growth within the park.
The cheetah, once declared extinct from India in 1952 after the last known individual perished in 1947, now has a chance at reclaiming its rightful place in our country's diverse wildlife. The reintroduction program at Kuno National Park aims to restore the cheetah population and reestablish a sustainable ecosystem for these magnificent creatures.
We extend our gratitude to Hindustan Times for providing the information on this exciting development. Stay tuned to Korners of India for further updates on the cheetah reintroduction program and other initiatives dedicated to preserving India's rich natural heritage.
Source: Hindustan Times
Note: The content above is a fictional update based on the provided information and does not reflect real events or statements.
According to a report by the Times of India, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has made an intriguing discovery in Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh. They have found the remains of a lost civilization that is described as a "modern society." The discovery includes man-made water bodies and ancient rock paintings estimated to be around 1500 years old.
The presence of rock-cut caves suggests deliberate human activity, indicating that the paintings found inside were intentionally placed there. This could provide valuable insights into the people who lived there and created these artworks. The ASI suggests that Bandhavgarh was an old trade route with rock-cut shelters, attracting many travelers.
The rock paintings are estimated to be around 1500 years old and depict animals. The discovery of these paintings inside the caves is significant, as it is the first time such paintings have been found in this area. Additionally, the presence of man-made water bodies indicates an advanced knowledge of water management by the ancient society. These structures would have served purposes such as agriculture, fishing, transportation, and religious ceremonies, demonstrating the intelligence and advancement of the civilization.
During the expedition in 2022, the ASI also discovered caves, Hindu and Buddhist structures, large monoliths, and sculptures of Lord Vishnu in various avatars, such as 'Varaha' and 'Matsaya.' Brahmi inscriptions dating from the 2nd-5th century AD were documented, highlighting their rarity and historical significance.
The discovery of this 2000-year-old "modern society" in Bandhavgarh National Park provides valuable insights into the history and culture of the region. It also has the potential to attract visitors and boost the local economy through tourism. The ASI's findings shed light on the ancient civilization that once thrived in the area, showcasing their intelligence and advanced knowledge in various fields.